2009 - 10
Class Leaders
Student Body Officers – Cricket Oles, president; Vice President: Malori McGill. Secretary: Lexie Stuivenvolt Allen.
Senior Class Core – Teresa Pond, president; Thomas Hanlon, Jackie Stults and Alex Khan.
Junior Class Core – Gabbie Matinkhah, president; Jeff Scott, Emily Burchett, Mary Neville.
Sophomore Class Core – Anthony Oyler, president; Lexy Wright, Jesus Fernandez, Hannah Brodke.
Freshman Class Core – Maureen Haley, president; Ben Khan, Jacky Huynh, Grace Haley.
During the Summer
Fr. James Kenney, the top administrator at Judge from 1953 to 1961, died at Christus St. Joseph’s Village. He was 89. He was ordained a priest in 1945 and elevated to monsignor in 1989. Fr. Kenny oversaw construction of the current Judge Memorial school building.
French teacher Gabrielle Thomas led a group of 17 Judge students and parent volunteers to Paris and Normandy for eight days. Students included senior John Humiston, juniors Annie Loader and Daniel Goodman, and sophomore Natalie Khoury.
Also traveling internationally were Katie Hoskins, the British Isles and Ireland; Lydia Banks, Costa Rica; Emily Burchett, Uganda; Jake Winter, Italy; and Chelsey Montrone, Australia, New Zealand and Fiji.
Class of 2009 graduate Patrick Hagan was one of two Utah lacrosse players to take part in the National Senior Showcase at Bryant University in Rhode Island.
The Year
National Merit Finalists: Meghan Brockmeyer, Craig Domeier, Jennifer Gardner, Isabelle Ghabash, Michael Hanover, Parker Mildenhall and Marissa Novak.
National Merit Commended Student: Joseph Donohoe
The Cheerleaders included captains Julia Hicks, Lexy Wright, Amber Anderson and Jordan Dowd along with Melissa Foti, Olivia Shaughnessy, Zoe Wheatley, Sandy Ledesma, Analise Sisneros, Jordan Lee, Christina Katris, Chardannae Lujan, Samantha DeHerrera, Kayla Nielsen, KayLene Stone and Ashlie Lara.
Students of English, photojournalism and New Media teacher Chris Sloan documented what they saw along a major Salt Lake City thoroughfare with the “Mapping Main Street” project. It was part of a nationwide effort involving 10,000 communities with a Main Street.
Book Awards recipients were Jessica Gaffney, Smith College; Parker Mildenhall, Harvard; Jennifer Gardner, Mount Holyoke College; Craig Domeier, Georgetown University; Carrie Curtin, Wellesley College; and Max Lamb, Notre Dame.
The Utah Press Association singled out the Bulldog Press as Utah’s best student-produced newspaper. Cricket Oles and Rosie Neville were editors-in-chief, assisted by page editors Emily Andrews, Eric Humphrey, Lexie Stuivenvolt Allen and Erin Cole. Staff members included Anthony Fratto Oyler, Erin Dugan, Annie Loader, Gabby Gurrister, Steve Strehl, Lexy Wright, Sam Highsmith, Malori McGill, Michael I. Greenberg, Matt Kirkegaard, Riley Ashton, Max Lamb, Jake Brugger, Jake Winter and Ian Struhs. Craig Domeier was a contributor. Chris Sloan and Elaine Peterson were the advisers.
In the mid-January issue, writer Matt Kierkegaard explored “Hypocrisy and Immigration,” Jake Brugger and Michael Greenberg examined different perspectives on term limits and Ian Struhs looked at student use of mass transit. The Recreation and Outdoors Club initiated night skiing at Brighton and included a top telemarker, Griffin Rowland. In the March issue, Kierkegaard was an advocate for the military draft while Humphrey opposed it. Greenberg argued that labor unions threatened the Super Bowl. Annie Loader looked at the growing tattoo market and Erin Dugan examined Internet censorship.
George Angelo’s Sports Medicine program included Jessica Nielson, Cole Pollard, Camille Overmoe, Ben Brzowski, Aaron Schlicher, Alex Grunerud, Paul Clark, Zach Myaer and Rachel North.
An essay on motherhood by English teacher Linda Simpson, titled “Mother’s Arm,” was published in a gallery of the National Council of Teachers of English. Her piece, six years in the works, described how she truly recognized that she was a mother after adopting her two sons, one as an infant, the other as a 3-year-old. The annual Journal of the Utah Council of Teachers of English also included a Simpson story: “The Grandparent Story: A Christmas Surprise.”
Attending the Teton Science School in Jackson Hole, Wyo. were Samantha Simpson, Caitlin Edmunds, Marcel Gaztambide, Colin Yoshinaga, Ellen Sliwinski, Natalie Warner, Alex Baker, Pat Griffin, Shane Jimenez, Katie Lanzi, Matthew Brzowski, Camille Overmoe, Matt Kestle, Rachel North, Steve Strehl, Davis Pope and Thomas Hanlon.
“Come Together – A Celebration of the ‘60s” was the theme of the Judge Gala.
Sophomore Lizzie Gibbs was Judge’s ambassador to the Hugh O’Brian Youth Leadership Program, which prepares youth to become “effective, ethical leaders in their home, school, workforce and community.” She followed senior Patrick Start and junior Matthew Kirkegaard in holding that position.
The Anime Club included Marsha Milstead, Jan Ottowicz, Ben Medcalf, Caitlin French, John Galanis, Samuel Scott, Kylynn Parker, Zoe McDonald, Erik Poppleton, Thomas Parker, Katie Rose, Michael Utzinger, Emiliano Mendez and Samantha Simpson.
Judge students learned about the personal impacts of the Holocaust in an assembly featuring remarks by Ernest Michel, who survived the Auschwitz death camp and went on to become an author and lecturer.
Members of the Peace and Justice Alliance were Gina Steffen, Julio Garcia, Marco Perez, Genevieve Bennett, Ofa Vaisima, Elisabeth Barrows, Alissa Shear, Pascal Bhatti, Emily Strand and Ronika Ibrahim. The club’s advisers were Michael Lovett and Bobbi Morgan.
Edited by Megan Trentman and assistants Teresa Highsmith, Lindsay Larson and Michaela Valdez, the Basilean yearbook – “These Are The Days” – received a first-place award from the American Scholastic Press Association. In a state competition organized by Weber State University, the yearbook earned top honors for “coverage” and “layout and design.” Staff members included Erica Azad, Christina Moser, Danielle Schabowsky, Dylan Cawdery, Kendra “Koko” Novak, Cassandra Cokl, Becca Teynor, Claire Hollingsworth, Teresa Pond, Chelsea Reimer, Carrie Curtin, Kiersten Thorsen, Jordan Dowd, Olivia Start, Sarah Palmer, Katherine Stefanich, Marissa Novak, Lindsey Gilstrap, Olivia White, Kallie McKown, Alex Clark, Steven Pham, Laura Lighty, Katie Hoskins, Sarah Bell and April Creer. Joan Jensen advised.
Teacher Natosha Washington started a dance class called “Virtuosic Movement for Men,” attracting students Daniel Shiramizu, Andrew Rechsteiner, Jay Jensen, Dominic Conti, Luke Bettin, Colin Yoshinaga, George Sewell, Michael Hanover, Michael Olive, Drew Abby, Ross Terrill, Chase Pribble and Kelton Quinn.
Samantha Highsmith was editor of the literary magazine “Catharsis.” She was assisted by Isabelle Ghabash, Shepard Scott, Heather Fisher, Sierra Brimhall, Emily Andrews, Maria Rechsteiner, Aric Foley, Analise Sisneros, Lindsey Reemsnyder, Max Bell, Amy Ware, Kate Berry, Maggie Fey, Erin Cole, Jerry Gardner, Skylar Zito, Chloe Ropner, Dylan Cawdery and Jakob Garcia. The moderator was Linda Simpson.
Senior Laura Lighty finished in second place in Utah’s sixth annual Poetry Out Loud: National Recitation Contest, behind Box Elder’s Caroline Liston. She recited “Heaven,” by Cathy Song; “The Author to her Book,” by Anne Bradstreet; and “The Painter,” by John Ashbery. In the Judge competition leading up to that event, Lighty bested seniors John Sargeant, Drew Abby, Lexie Stuivenvolt Allen and Cricket Oles.
Judge students receiving high marks in an American Association of Teachers of German test were senior Anna Adams, junior Jake Brugger, sophomores Kelsey Cavanaugh, Gabrielle Ghabash and Caitlin Gruis, and freshman Julia Pynes. Art Holder was their German teacher.
Members of the Mock Trial team were Zoe Bourg, Jan Ottowicz, Zoe McDonald, Samantha Simpson, John Sargeant, Matthew Starks, Elizabeth Barrows, Dong “Rick” Yoo, Connor Liston and Michael Robinson.
Debate students included Michael Greenberg, Austin Damery, Richard Vunder, Dion Granger-Troy and Marshall Wallace. The moderator was Megan McDonald.
Judge students, faculty and staff raised money and gathered enough goods to provide Christmas gifts to 875 children through Catholic Community Services’ “Gift of the Drummer” program. An Intermountain Catholic article on the program highlighted program leaders Rosie Neville, Jessica Gaffney, Cricket Oles, Megan Trentman and Malori McGill.
In its annual recognition program for Catholic school employees, the Salt Lake Diocese honored math teacher and alumnus Michael McGinley, Class of 1966, as Educator of the Year; maintenance manager Kenneth Lewis as “Staff Member of the Year;” and presented a 30-year pin to front-office staff member Rae Ann Eck.
Under the leadership of President Maria Rechsteiner and Vice President Lexy Wright, the Rotary Interact Club at Judge raised money to provide a water filter for Burmese refugees living in Thailand. They also provided dictionaries to 7 and 8-year-olds at a low-income school. Club members included Jonathan Nolan, Hannah Robinson, Olivia Start, Sarah Anne Nakamura, Kyra McComas, Marissa Novak, Emily Strand, Kendra “Koko” Novak, Maria Rechsteiner, Jeannie Palmer, Sarina Karwande, Marissa Fuller, Jackie Stults, Jeff Scott, Basil Vetas and Katherine Stefanich. The moderators were Corethia Qualls, Kathy Scott and Sharon Butler.
Kelly Jo Hanlon and Damara Walker appeared in the film “High School Musical 3: Senior Year,” part of which was shot on the Judge campus.
At the annual Teton Science School, the 21 Judge students who studied nature beneath the range’s majestic peaks recalled the final day being so beautiful that teacher George Angelo declined a ride home on the bus from an event, opting instead to ski back to camp.
Nearly 40 artists who graduated from Judge displayed their creations at the second Alumni and Student Art Show at Evergreen Framing Co. and Gallery, a business owned by Judge parents Majid and Kelly Omana. Graduates from 1981 (Lisa Concepcion Julien) through 2012 submitted entries.
Members of the Take One Film Club included Matt Stark, Craig Domeier, Eric Humphrey, Michael Robinson, Patrick Boner, John Sargeant, Michael Stebner, Sean Sullivan, Rachel Nakagawa, Cassie Adams, Oliver Sargeant, Kiersten Thorsen, Greg Netzel and Jerry Gardner
Senior Isabelle Ghabash was one of 1,111 writers whose manuscripts received Gold Key recognition in The Scholastic Arts and Writing Awards for 2010. Her work was selected from among 165,000 entries. In other writing honors, senior Griffin Rowland had an essay published in “What’s Your Quest,” and sophomore Jeong Wook Park won the Utah Letters about Literature contest sponsored by the Library of Congress. His classmate, Grace Best-Devereaux, was third in the state competition. A year earlier, Judge got a first and third in that contest from Liz Graham and Jake Winter.
The Environment Club included Nyakuiy Puoy, Shiona Smith, Emily Strand, Alex Khan, Gordon Warlaumont, Laura Watson, Marissa Novak, Marisa Milstead, Anthony Minjarez, Jim Sargeant, Carrie Curtin and Jennifer Gardner.
Tom Bettin’s art students included Julio Garcia, Laura Lighty, Nicole Milstead, Nina Allen, David Griffin, Laura Horton, Lauren Schultz, Carrie Curtin, Carina Barajas and George Hoffman. He also oversaw ceramics students Emma Burick, Sadie Young, Ellen Sliwinski, Griffin Conroy, Marissa Fuller and John Galanis.
The April/May edition of the Bulldog Press noted how uniform rules changed every year of the seniors’ time at Judge. When they were freshmen, there was “a plethora of options: polo shirts, skirts, any shoes, no socks and pride dress all the time.” Sophomore year was seemingly even better: “Was there even really a uniform? The sock rule was out as we continued to rock the skirt and polos.” That all changed junior year. “No more skirts, no more polos and only black, white or brown shoes.” And, alas, senior year was a little bit worse. “The stiff khakis returned with tighter rules on shoes and socks.”
Katie Hoskins wrote a touching remembrance of classmate Sean McCoy, who died in a fall the summer after their sophomore year. “During lunch, you could sometimes hear Sean and Jakob Garcia jamming in the staircase, accepting donations, but only when Mr. Angelo wasn’t walking by,” she wrote, noting that Sean and Aric Foley won “Best Costume” at the Halloween Dance for going as Muggle #1 and Muggle #2, merging Dr. Seuss and Harry Potter. “We always had to be more careful rounding corners in the hallway due to Sean’s spontaneous breakout of ninja moves, which often occurred. Riley Ashton recalled a time when Sean traveled around school under the cover of an umbrella.” That kind of behavior ensured McCoy had a special place in the hearts of this graduating class. “He made us realize that, in the end, our class is family, a family whom we often fight with but have to love because at the end of the day we have to be there for each other.”
In a profile called “notable seniors: above the status quo,” Lexie Stuivenvolt Allen had this to say about Maddie Rice: “Although Madeleine Rice fervently disagrees with the description of ‘guitar goddess,’ she is nothing less.” Rice headed into her senior year winning a $14,000 scholarship from Boston’s prestigious Berklee College of Music and she already had achieved some local fame playing electric guitar as a School of Rock All-Star. “I can’t really see myself doing anything but music, which is why I wanted to go to Berklee,” Rice told Stuivenvolt Allen. “Music is what drives me. I’ve learned so much about myself through music and have made so many friends and had great experiences. I can’t wait to see what else I’ll learn and do.” The answer: Five years later, she was chosen to play lead guitar in the house band for “The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.” Other seniors singled out were Anthony Minjarez, a dancer even better known for baking delicious cupcakes; red-headed Julia “Ju-Ju” Hicks, “a fiery (pun intended) ball of energy who was captain of the cheer squad;” and Isabelle Ghabash, who initially took a dance class only because she needed the credit but ended up loving it. “I got to work with and be inspired by the senior company every day.”
The Christmas Concert featured Lagi Netzler playing “Jingle Bells,” Patrick Murnin on “Go Tell It On The Mountain,” Rick Yoo’s saxophone rendition of “Moon River,” a solo by Amy Ware, the Orchestra’s performance of “Sleigh Ride,” the Concert Band playing “Nightmare Before Christmas” and “We Need a Little Christmas,” Kami Riffo-Jenson singing “A Christmas Song” and Jazz@8 offering renditions of “Carol of the Bells” and “Bethlehem.”
Following in the footsteps of her mother, Margaret Brennan Neville (Class of 1975), a King’s English bookstore employee, Bulldog Press Editor Rosie Neville recommended good books each issue. Her final group was: “Half Broke Horses” by Jeanette Walls; “Fight Club,” by Chuck Palahniuk; “The Help,” by Kathryn Stockett; and “Cutting for Stone,” by Abraham Verghese. Erin Cole took a detailed look at domestic violence and ways to prevent it. Jake Winter wrote about the trip he and Jake Mintz made to China to visit Will Huntsman, who moved halfway across the world after his dad, Jon Huntsman, Jr., went from being Utah’s governor to President Barack Obama’s ambassador to China. It was quite an experience. Said Winter: “Alongside our good friend and fellow Bulldog, we saw everything Will’s experienced for the past couple months. We saw the armored Cadillacs, the personal chefs, the filtered Internet, and the US Embassy pick-up basketball games. We walked on the Great Wall, saw the majesty of the Forbidden City and tasted gourmet Chinese cuisine. China is rich with tradition and potential.”
Members of the Madrigal Choir were Kelsey Cavanaugh, Anne Henkels, Emma Nelson, Katie Wood, Katie McMahon, Lagi Netzler, Kylynn Parker, Dion Granger-Troy, Patrick Murnin, Alexander Benjamin, Jakob Garcia and Paige Fery. Ramona Mayer was the conductor.
Juniors Patrick Murnin and Jeff Scott finished first and second in the “Law Day Essay Contest” sponsored by the Utah Minority Bar Association. The association also awarded its Scott M. Matheson Award for educating youth to attorney Michael Keller, president of the Judge board of advisors, for his promotion of mock trial at Judge, Juan Diego and a couple of middle schools. He is the father of graduates Heidi, Class of 1999, and Nathaniel (2003).
Performing in the Jazz @ 8 group were Rosie Neville, Amy Ware, John Humiston, Jakob Garcia, Patrick Murnin, Kami Riffo-Jenson, Chelsea Wood and Lagi Netzler. Their conductor was Ramona Mayer. She also conducted the orchestra, which included Alec Louie, Jacky Huynh, Andrew Maguire, Tim Allen, Jeong Wook Park, Dong “Rick” Yoo, Sierra Brimhall and Jakob Garcia.
Seniors Nicole Zinnanti, Linda Frank, Craig Domeier and Luke Bettin were among 45 seniors and juniors who volunteered during the year at the Utah Food Bank, which named Judge its “School of the Year.” Said Food Bank volunteer coordinator Brandon Daniels: “Judge Memorial students raise the bar for how students in school should be. They show honor and respect for the staff as well as others with whom they work. … They have been great attributes. I can’t tell you how much respect I have for them.”
The Spring Music Concert celebrated the talents of senior Nick Warner, who received a lengthy ovation when he played the Bach Brandenburg Concerto No. 6. Warner and Rosie Neville received the Cecelia Trentman Award for Loyalty and Achievement during a show that included a popular “Lion King” medley, Alexander Benjamin’s “Flight of the Bumblebee,” a piano solo by Lagi Netzler, a Jazz@8 set and, to close the show, a rocking display by the Jazz Band with Benjamin on the saxophone and Jakob Garcia on electric guitar. Garcia and Benjamin were the department’s outstanding jazz musicians while John Humiston and Chelsea Wood were honored for exemplary participation and support of dance, drama and music. Teacher Ramona Mayer directed the performance and provided piano accompaniment to Warner and her daughter Kat (Class of 2001). The Judge Connections magazine profiled Garcia, “a musical wunderkind,” who had played the piano since age 6 and the guitar since he was 13. At Judge, he was in the jazz and concert bands, the orchestra, sang in the choir and played bass in the Jazz@8 ensemble. “Music at Judge has been a superb and wonderful experience,” Garcia said. “I praise Ramona Mayer for all the brilliant work she puts in.”
“Mind, Body, Soul” was the theme of the Spring Dance Concert. The artistic director of the 23-dance performance was Jeanette Sawaya, with assistance from Elaine Peterson, Alison Le Duc Meyer, Natosha Washington, Darin Hathaway and former teacher Tom Delgado, then at Westminster College. Senior dancers were Amber Anderson, Tess Burick, Jordan Dowd, Hannah Fitzpatrick, Isabelle Ghabash, Yan Ham, Julia Hicks, Xochitl Juarez, Shannon Liabenow, Christina Moser, Liz Poulsen, Nyakuiy Puoy, Moriah Sadiq, Megan Trentman, Chelsea Wood, Nicole Zinnanti and Michael Hanover. Jessica Gaffney was Dance Club president. The tech crew for “Mind, Body, Soul” was selected as “Bulldogs of the Month” for May.
Plays
“Rent,” directed by Darin Hathaway, choreographed by Jeanette Sawaya and Natosha Washington, music conducted by Ramona Mayer, costumes by Pam Oles, lighting designed by Cole Adams. R.J. Hendrickson was stage manager, Ian Briggs was sound engineer, Kate Rockenbach was head of the lighting crew. They were aided by Lindsey Gilstrap, Sage Roundy, Fez Smith, Clayton Rackham, Felipe Gaucin, Jesse Betebenner, Madison Medina and Campbell Wyasket. Starring Chelsea Wood, Andrew Maguire, Kami Riffo-Jenson, Shepard Scott, Davis Pope, Sean Ward, John Humiston, Kevin McKennon, Ashlyn Lozano, Gracie Bretlec, Mary Neville, Emily Burchett and Cricket Oles.
The play almost didn’t happen. Bishop John Wester considered canceling the show after receiving a complaint from a priest, the Salt Lake Tribune reported. Fr. Erik Richtsteig of St. James Parish in Ogden wrote on a blog that the play was “morally destructive and offensive” and normalizes deviant behavior. Responding to that complaint, Wester had Sr. Catherine Kamphaus, the superintendent of schools, read the script and attend a dress rehearsal. Her assessment: “There is absolutely nothing that would be offensive. It wasn’t condoning the gay and lesbian lifestyle.” Principal Rick Bartman told The Tribune that “Rent” raised issues of “homelessness, community, helping each other, helplessness and hopelessness. We felt it was a good, teachable moment for our kids.” Parent Lorrie Gaffney commended Judge in a Tribune letter to the editor: “Kudos to Principal Rick Bartman and the Catholic school’s leadership for allowing this play when it would have been easier to shy away from controversy – something Jesus never did.” The weekly newspaper City Weekly also weighed in, noting that the “backlash from a conservative element in Utah’s Catholic community [only] served to raise more interest in what turned out to be a superb production. Watching so many young Judge students grapple with and deliver roles that touched on thorny issues on sexuality, drugs and disease rendered a joyful and well-mounted production that was a pleasure to watch.”
“Metamorphoses,” directed by Darin Hathaway, music by Jakob Garcia, costumes assembled by Alexandra Menzdorf, set design by Pam Oles, sound by Ian Briggs and, in the words of the Bulldog Press, “Mrs. [Linda] Simpson’s heart and passion for all things theater.” Recruited for roles in the show were boy athletes John Sargeant, Alex Sanders, Jake Winter and Dan Goodman. Emily Burchett played a rainbow. Ashlyn Lozano also filled a key role.
At region, Judge won second place in the sweepstakes competition. Ashlyn Lozano took first place in dramatic monologues and Cricket Oles and Lexie Stuivenvolt Allen second in contemporary scenes.
Sports
STATE CHAMPIONS – Senior Mikelle Mancini was the state champion in No. 1 singles, and freshman Emily Murnin the titlist at No. 3 singles, leading the girls tennis team to a second place finish in the 3-A tournament. Coach Lani Wilcox’s No. 1 doubles team of Claire Hollingsworth and Chloe Ropner finished second. Hannah Breshear played No. 2 singles while the No. 2 doubles team was composed of Alyssa Corbett and Ali Clayton. Mancini earned team MVP honors and also was an Academic All-State nominee. Hollingsworth was the most inspirational player. Mary Mancini was the team’s assistant coach.
STATE CHAMPION – Sophomore Chris Turner put on a dominating show, winning the individual 3-A golf title by seven strokes, but the Bulldogs missed out on the team championship by a single stroke in an electrifying 3-A state tournament at Schneiter’s Bluff Golf Course in West Point. The boys finished second to Park City (604 strokes to 603), led by Turner’s two-day score of 141, seven strokes better than the runner-up from Park City. Throughout the season, Coach Jim Beisel’s Bulldogs were led by senior co-captain Michael Hanover, who finished in a tie for fifth at state with a 151 and was named first team All-State along with Turner. Sophomore Charlie Murphy was second team after shooting a 153 at state, good for eighth place. Junior Brady Hansgen and senior Collin Murphy tied for 24th with 162s, while senior co-captain Cole Dixon’s 163 tied for 29th. Receiving honorable mention recognition were Dixon and Hansgen. Coaches Mike and Patty Brimley also praised the contributions of seniors Alex Khan, Tyler Brimley and Patrick Gorrell-Brown and underclassmen Nate Ulibarri, Davis Kinney and Hunter Cornelison. Team MVP honors went to Turner. Hanover was the most inspirational player and Academic All-State. He went on to play collegiately at Loyola Marymount in Los Angeles.
Coach Wayne Voorhes returned to coach the girls soccer team, which finished 15-4 and advanced to the 3-A semifinals, where it lost to Morgan in an overtime shootout, 4-3. The Bulldogs reached that match with an 11-0 victory over North Sanpete and a 1-0 triumph over Desert Hills. Senior Kiersten Berg and freshman Kristen Pavlick were named to the All-State Tourney Team, while All-State honors were captured by Sadie Young, Natalie Warner, Danielle Gaztambide, Berg and Pavlick. Gaztambide was the first Deseret News female “Prep Athlete of the Week” after she scored two goals against Lehi and added a hat trick against Wasatch. Other key players were Sadie Young, Alexis Martinez, Chelsea Reimer, Ellen Sliwinski, Josie Mascher, Gabbie Matinkhah, Nina Allen, Alex VanDongen and Marissa Fuller. Carrie Curtin and Laura Lighty were Academic All-State nominees. Berg was the team’s MVP. Twins Emma and Tess Burick shared the most inspirational player award.
The football team went 4-6, qualifying for the 3-A state tournament in the regular-season finale. A late drive for a game-winning touchdown against Bear River propelled the Bulldogs to state. For the first round, Coach James Cordova’s Bulldogs traveled to Delta, where they lost 41-7. Senior Paul Clark and junior Ben Cook received All-State honors in both daily papers while junior Daniel Shiramizu was honorable mention in the Deseret News. Receiving All-Region recognition were seniors Christian Barbiero, Blake Fery, Josh Leato, Peter Lyons, Paul Villagrana and Clark, juniors Spencer Conley, Will Huntsman and Cook, and sophomore Christian Weidle. Cordova also cited the contributions of seniors Ben Brzowski, Dylan Cawdery and Alex Lenzen. Paul Clark was team MVP. The most inspirational players were Lyons and Leato.
In girls cross country, sophomore Kendra “Koko” Novak was the individual region champion for coaches David McMillan and Hannah Vickery, whose team placed fourth at the 3-A meet. The Bulldogs accumulated 142 points, well behind 3-A champion Park City’s 37. The five runners whose scores counted finished between 18th and 37th place. In addition, Junior Jacqui Rodriguez finished in the top 15 at the Bob Firman Classic in Boise. Jessica Gaffney, Rosie Neville and Emma Welch were Academic All-State nominees. Other runners were Maggie Fey, Payton Schiff, Haley Bruno, Sarah Gibbs, Elisabeth Barrows, Hannah Fitzpatrick, Linda Frank and Soriah Mitchell. Team MVP honors went to Novak. Mary Morgan was most inspirational.
The boys cross country team finished second in region but had the individual champion, Max Lamb, who also was the fastest Bulldog runner in the 3-A state meet. He finished 26th. As a team, the Bulldogs finished eighth with 218 points; Bear River won with 50. Other runners (those who scored placed between 38th and 57th) were Griffin Rowland, Isaac Losee, Matt Pell, Matt Kestle, Max Brennan, Michael Fox, Alex Baker, Jackson Elizondo, Alex Grunerud, Jonathan Rainwater, Connor Liston and Joel Leveille. Lamb and Parker Mildenhall were Academic All-State. Lamb was team MVP, Mildenhall the most inspirational runner.
In volleyball, first-year Coach Emily Grabner’s squad placed sixth at the 3-A state tournament. Judge lost a tough five-set match against eventual champion North Sanpete in the opening round, but bounced back to win matches against Park City, Juan Diego and Bear River. Senior co-captain Sekola Falemaka made both daily papers’ first team All-State squad. Senior co-captain Kallie McKown was second team in The Tribune and honorable mention in the Deseret News, which made seniors Hannah King and Carolyn Carter and junior Ryley Carman honorable mention picks. Carman also was All-Region. Rounding out the squad were co-captain Megan Trentman, Jessica Nielson, Kenzie Carter, Catherine Briggs, Ginny Hicks and Sarah Villareal. Team MVP honors were shared by Falemaka and McKown. Briggs was the most inspirational player. Trentman was an Academic All-State nominee.
STATE CHAMPIONSHIP, CHAMPIONS – The girls swimming team won its seventh state championship in eight years, narrowly defeating rival Park City 380 to 372 in the 3-A meet at BYU. “This one was maybe sweeter because it had to be a team effort,” Coach Matt Finnigan told The Salt Lake Tribune. “We just forgot about scoring, swam hard, had fun and let the chips fall where they may.” While 14 girls contributed points to the state title victory, the Bulldogs undoubtedly were led by junior Lydia Jones. She won the 200-yard (1:59.84) and 500-yard (5:27.29) freestyle races and swam the anchor leg of the 200 freestyle relay (following Carolyn Carter, Erika Eisenman and Cassandra Cokl) that clinched the title with a second-place finish. Carter also placed second in the 200 individual medley and the breaststroke, Meghan Brockmeyer was third in the backstroke and fifth in the individual medley, while sophomore Cokl added a fourth in the 200 and fifth in the 100. Critical points also were added by Sarina Karwande (5th in the backstroke and 8th in the 200 individual medley); Erica Azad (6th in the 100 backstroke and 12th in the 200); Erika Eisenman (6th in the 50 free, 7th in the butterfly); Emily Murnin, (7th in the 500 free and 10th in the 200); Marisa Bush, (9th in the 100 free, 10th in the 50 free); Katie McMahon (9th in the 500, 10th in the butterfly); Anne Henkels (10th in the 100 freestyle, 12th in the butterfly); Lizzie Gibbs (13th in the 100 free, 15th in the 50); Addie Diamond (16th in the 100 breaststroke); and Alyssa Corbett (13th in the 50 free). Sidney Gee, Kendra “Koko” Novak and Angie Ashok also competed at state. Jones also was Deseret News female “Prep Athlete of the Week” in mid-January. An Academic All-State nominee, swimmer Brockmeyer was a finalist for the 2009 Wendy’s High School Heisman Award, recognizing achievements in athletics, academics and community/school leadership. Dixie’s Shanelle Seegmiller won the award. New to the Judge swimming program this year, Brockmeyer said “I had never been part of a team that supported each other as much.” Team co-captain Carter also noted that Judge succeeded despite not having its own pool and having to travel for practice. “Compared to other teams that swim for two hours, we only got to swim an hour and a half.” Jones was team MVP. Carolyn Carter was most inspirational.
STATE CHAMPION – Oliver Diamond repeated as a double champion, sweeping the 50-meter (21.44 seconds) and 100-yard sprints (46.98), to carry Coach Finnigan’s boys team to fourth place in 3-A. The Bulldogs compiled 244 points. Park City won with 339. Named the 3-A Swimmer of the Meet for the second straight year, Diamond also swam the anchor leg of the second-place 200-yard freestyle relay team, following Jason Motley, Seamus Appel and Will Voytovich. That group also finished third in the 400-meter relay. Pat Murnin and Appel finished fifth and sixth, respectively, in the 500 free, while Murnin added an eighth in the breaststroke and Appel a ninth in the individual medley. Adding key points were Thomas Hanlon (6th in butterfly and 11th in the 200 freestyle) and Emerson Eshleman (8th in butterfly and 15th in the 500 freestyle). The state team also included, Pat Sullivan, Weston Firmage, Dillon Beckett, Alex Grunerud, Jackson Elizondo, John Barnett, Ethan Gosselin, Tyler Walker and Weston Firmage. Earning team MVP honors as well as being named Academic All-State and an Academic All-American, Diamond said this year’s domination of the sprints was more satisfying than the year before. “I worked harder and got stronger this year with more intensive training,” he told the Intermountain Catholic. “I did more specialized weight training, core work and yoga. I had more experience and I figured out how to gain power on the wall.” Motley was the most inspirational swimmer.
The girls basketball team went into the 3-A tournament as the region’s number three seed and engaged in a brutal battle with Richfield in the opening round before falling 57-55. Erica Martinez was named female “Prep of the Week” by the Deseret News in mid-December after she broke a seven-year-old state record for most three-point field goals in a career. Later that month, the girls won the Nike Tournament of Champions in Phoenix, defeating teams from Arizona, Texas and Oklahoma. Martinez was the tournament’s Most Outstanding Player. She and Mikelle Mancini were All-State in both The Salt Lake Tribune and Deseret News. Malori McGill, Rosie Neville and Mancini were Academic All-State nominees. Seniors included Sekola Falemaka, Moriah Sadiq and Jackie Stults. Other key players were Sydney Richards and Kelly Jo Hanlon. Martinez was team MVP. Injured Rosie Neville was the most inspirational player.
Coach Jim Yerkovich’s boys basketball team made a run for the championship in his 44th – and final, it turned out – season at Judge. But the Bulldogs ran out of gas in the championship game and were beaten decisively by Wasatch, 45-24. Led by 6-foot-10 senior center Will Whitt, Judge opened the tourney with a 71-42 thumping of Delta, survived a 50-46 overtime struggle with Desert Hills, then beat Emery 56-46 to reach the finals. The loss left Yerkovich with a 3-6 record in title games. Whitt was one of five seniors – joined by Basil Vetas, Ben Zanolli, Zach Myaer and Collin Murphy – who led the team, which also relied on juniors Daniel Shiramizu, Ben Cook, Colin Lawless, Michael Olive and Kelton Quinn. Whitt was male “Prep Athlete of the Week” in late January after scoring 18 points against Bear River and pulling down 17 rebounds against Juan Diego. Team MVP honors went to Whitt. The most inspirational players were Collin Murphy and Vetas, also an Academic All-State nominee.
Three days the after the season ended, on March 2, 2010, Yerkovich walked into the locker room and told the team he was retiring. “I no longer have the energy to run the program at the quality that I would like to,” he told The Salt Lake Tribune, citing declining health. “It’s probably the right time, after 44 years, to give somebody else a chance.” Tribune writer Jay Drew recognized the significance of Yerkovich’s departure from the Utah prep scene, noting that the Judge coach had “won more games than any high school, college or professional coach in state history not named Jerry Sloan – 634. But it has never been about the numbers – although they are mind-boggling – for Yerkovich. It has been about the journey, the lives he has impacted along the way and the legacy he leaves as a teacher of sportsmanship and team unity and a man who waged a lifetime effort to bring more dignity, respectfulness and positive values to amateur athletics.” Yerkovich’s trademark “We” approach to the game was reflected, The Tribune’s Drew observed, in the reaction to Judge’s trip to the championship game. “When a 19-6 Judge team picked to finish fourth in its region made a run at the 3-A state title last week, dozens of messages and calls poured in from former players scattered all around the country. It is all part of the ‘We’ approach that Yerkovich incorporated into his program early on.”
The Tribune published this list in his honor:
44 – Coached 44 seasons at Judge Memorial, more than any prep coach in state history
634 – Amassed 634 wins, more than any high school or college coach in state history
38 – Led his teams to 38 state tournaments
16 – Led his teams to 16 region championships
13 – Invitations to participate in the prestigious national ACIT tournament
9 – Teams in state championship games
3 – Class 3-A state championships
Yerkovich’s hand-picked successor was Dan Del Porto, his assistant for 24 seasons. Del Porto played for Yerkovich, from 1983 to his graduation in 1985, and started coaching the freshman team in 1986. “Dan has been groomed for this position,” Yerkovich told the Intermountain Catholic newspaper. “He has not only coached the varsity, he has pretty much run our spring and summer programs for the last 15 years. I look for this to be a very smooth transition because he has done everything he needs to do, except take the pressure of being the head coach – which is large. But I feel totally confident that he will carry on and add to our program. The program will flourish, and more importantly, life philosophies will be similar to what he has been part of for years.” Del Porto started working at Judge in 1995, teaching physical education and serving as a guidance counselor. He was athletic director from 1999 to 2009. He told the Intermountain Catholic that “if I had not been so positively impacted by Coach [Yerkovich], I would not be in this position.” The ties between Yerkovich and Del Porto were strengthened in 1989, when Del Porto was hospitalized with pneumonia that turned into acute respiratory distress syndrome. “I was in the hospital for 36 days, and even though Coach was in the middle of his season with one of his best teams ever, he came to see me every day. He kept my spirits up and gave me something to look forward to. He was a huge part of my recovery.”
Also retiring at season’s end was Yerkovich’s longtime partner at Judge, Sonny Tangaro. But Tangaro called it a career at Juan Diego, where he was head coach for the past four seasons.
Former Utah Jazz Center Mark Eaton spent time with the freshman basketball team in January, talking about his transformation from a 7-foot-4 auto mechanic into an NBA All-Star. Freshman Dexter Holmquist found his speech “very inspiring,” while Coach Jeff Baird appreciated how Eaton “reinforced our staff’s belief that our basketball experience should transcend the sport. Whatever we learn along the way playing basketball should help us in other areas of our lives, and Mr. Eaton clearly reiterated that idea.”
Freshman Sam Taylor was the leading scorer for the hockey team, which was 9-7 under Coach Todd Brown. Seniors Shawn Benvegnu and Steve Strehl were named to the high school All-Star team. Other key players were seniors Josh Cummings and Joe Hurtubise, juniors Wilson Lamb, Shepard Scott and Davis Pope, sophomore Nick Brown and freshmen Brian Kestle and Marshall Wallace. Benvegnu was team MVP. Cummings was the most inspirational player.
STATE CHAMPIONSHIP – After two trips to state that ended with semifinal losses, the boys soccer team claimed the 3-A state title with a 2-1 victory over Wasatch at Rio Tinto Stadium in Sandy. Coach Kelly Terrill’s team compiled a 16-1-2 record in the title drive, claiming the crown on a penalty kick by Ross Terrill midway through the second half. Sam Naatz, named the 3-A Tournament MVP, scored Judge’s first goal off an assist by Oliver Diamond. “That was a magic moment,” said Coach Terrill. “He knocked it home. That doesn’t happen in games, usually. It stung Wasatch and they had to change the way they played. It opened it up for us.” The Bulldogs swept through the 3-A tournament, outscoring four opponents by a combined score of 19-1 – starting with a 12-0 romp over Grantsville, then 3-0 over Cedar City and 2-0 over Delta before prevailing in the championship game. Naatz and fellow co-captain Cole Pollard were named to the All-Tournament team along with Max Bell, Robert Higgins and Ross Terrill. The Bulldogs received important contributions from seniors Marcel Gaztambide, Drew Abby, Alexander Benjamin, Luke Bettin, Matt Bradbury and George Hoffman and juniors Michael J. Fox and Dan Goodman. Naatz was team MVP and the 3-A MVP for the Deseret News, while most inspirational player honors went to Hoffman. He was first team All-State in the News, along with Max Bell. Terrill was MVP in The Salt Lake Tribune, with goalkeeper Bettin, Gaztambide, Hoffman, Naatz and Pollard earning first team honors. Making second team All-Tribune were Bell and Diamond.
STATE CHAMION – Junior Damara Walker claimed the state title in the long jump for the girls track team, which finished eighth in the 3-A meet. Walker leaped 16 feet, 10.75 inches to beat her nearest competitor by six inches. She also finished second in the 100-meter high hurdles. Team MVP Kiersten Berg finished sixth in the 100 and seventh in the 200 and also ran on the 4x400 relay team, which finished second, as well as the fourth-place 4x100 relay team. Those relays also featured Sarah Palmer, Jackie Sliwinski, Mary Morgan, Maureen Haley, Danielle Gaztambide and Amy Ware. Mary Morgan, who also finished tenth in the 800, was deemed the team’s most inspirational runner. Kendra “Koko” Novak added a 16th place finish in the 3,200, while Ware had three Top 20 finishes in long-distance races (15th in the 3,200, 17th in the 1,600 and 18th in the 800). Also competing for the Bulldogs were Emma Burick, Ameera Masud, Kelly Jo Hanlon, Lydia Jones, Nafisa Masud, Ellen Sliwinski, Mary Neville, Linda Frank, Jessie Thomas, Hayley Dahlhauser, Caitlin Lemmon, Gabrielle Sawchuk, Zoe Deniston, Shamista Sharma, Carlie Harper, Gabby Garcia, Emily Burchett, Camille Overmoe, Kyra McComas, Sarah Palmer, Emily Burden, Heather Fisher, Haley Bruno, Grace Hailey and Jackie Scheider. Marcus DuPre was the coach.
STATE CHAMPION – Senior Christian Barbiero defended his 3-A state championship in the 400-meter run and added a first-place finish in the 200 to lead the boys track team to third at the 3-A state meet. The Bulldogs finished with 64 points. Pine View won with 95. Barbiero completed the 400 in 48.53 seconds, six-tenths of a second faster than his winning time a year earlier. He blitzed the 200 course in 22.41 seconds and also finished sixth in the 100. Max Lamb posted a third in the 1,600-meter run and a fifth in the 3,200, while Isaac Losee had a fourth and a sixth in high hurdles events and an 18th in the long jump. Kevin Ortiz finished fifth in the 200 and sixth in the 400 and ran the first leg of the 4x400 relay, which finished second. The Bulldogs also received strong showings from Kelton Quinn (10th in discus and 9th in javelin), Paul Clark (11th in javelin), Joshua Trotman (14th in discus), Christian Weidle (9th in the 100) and Matt Kestle. Barbiero was the team MVP. Losee was its most inspirational performer. Also competing for Coaches Marcus DuPre and Mike Murray were Aaron Isaacson, Miles Ellis, Patrick Burden, James Delacenserie, Eric Edmunds, Josh Trotman, Justis Sisneros, Ben Khan, Kyle Knutson, Seamus Appel, Spencer Corley, Matt Lewis, Jacob Lucas, Ryan Lundy, Jake Bero-Van Wagoner, Pat Neville, Gordon Vetas, Joe Cremer, Brady Stout and Orlando Avila.
Senior Alli Nakamura came in third place to lead the girls golf team to a fourth-place finish in the 3-A state meet. She entered the tournament as the region champ. In a tournament using a modified Stableford Scoring System, Nakamura shot an 82, 11 strokes out of the lead but just one out of second. Other top state performers for the Bulldogs were her sister, Sarah Anne Nakamura (24th), Lexy Wright (34th) and Olivia Start (55th). Rounding out the squad were Laura Watson, Jessica Nielson, Jackie Stults, Erica Azad, Christina Jones and Caroline Avila. The Nakamuras took home all the post-season honors, Alli as MVP, Sarah Anne as the most inspirational player.
Coach Dave Allen’s latest boys lacrosse team ranked 25th in the West and had a solid season before falling in the state quarterfinals. The senior-heavy team featured Ian Larson, Zach Huie, Michael Hanover, Peter Lyons, Stockton Cleverly, Joaquin Mixco, Patrick Gorrell-Brown, Ryan Longe, Dylan Cawdery and C. J. Eldredge. Underclassmen included Jay Jensen, Chris Bell, Matt Hirning, Pat Griffin, Dane Wangsgard, Ethan Gosselin, Zach Nettles, Brian Allen and Andrew Rechsteiner. Larson was team MVP. Mixco was the most inspirational player.
Girls lacrosse players Emma Welch and Koko Novak were selected to play in a post-season All-Star game. For Chad Staro, the team’s fourth coach in four years, team MVP honors went to Welch, who also played for the Utah/Idaho High School Girls Lacrosse Team. The most inspirational player was Katie Hoskins. Other key players were Campbell Wyasket, Mary Briggs, Payton Schiff, Olivia White, Machelle Medcalf, Chloe Ropner, Sierra Brimhall, Maggie Fey, Emma Nelson, Mimi Andrews, Ginger Lucero, Nikki Kaschmitter and Ali Clayton.
Nick Sasich took over as coach of the baseball team, which qualified for the 3-A state tournament but lost both of its games, 12-2 to Richfield and 12-7 to Canyon View. The Bulldogs were led by seniors Joe Donohoe, Paul Villagrana, Cole Dixon, Shawn Benvegnu, Bennett Wheatley and Blake Fery, the team MVP, and juniors Daniel Shiramizu, Chase Pribble and Michael Olive. Shawn Benvegnu was the team’s most inspirational player.
Senior co-captains Teresa Pond and Mariah Liechty led the girls softball team to the 3-A state tournament, where it lost games to Union and Juan Diego. The Bulldogs relied heavily on the pitching of junior Madi Moll. Filling out the lineup were Catherine Briggs, Alex Clark, Jacqui Rodriguez, Hannah Lam, Grace Fitzpatrick, Kassi Romero, Megan Blanchette and Audrey Stone. Briggs was the most inspirational player, while MVP honors were shared by Pond and Moll. The coaches were Carl Moll and Lee Chart.
Trey Kennedy was the No. 1 singles player and MVP for the boys tennis team, whose most inspirational player was Scott Treiman. The rest of the squad consisted of Joshua Goldsmith, Michael Greenberg, Patrick Gibbs, Patrick Murnin, Alec Louie, Dion Granger-Troy, Ben Medcalf and Mac Morham.
Junior Tyler Perry formed an Ultimate Frisbee team, which included Griffin Rowland, Alex Baker, Sam Watson, Davis Pope, Andrew Carey and Thomas Hanlon. The coach was Carl Rubadue, Class of 1973.
Spencer Tan was the most valuable player on the boys volleyball team. Anthony Oyler was named most inspirational.
Freshman Cathryn Hunt won two gold medals in skiing at the Special Olympics.
Judge created an Athletic Hall of Fame at its 90th anniversary celebration. To be eligible, players must have graduated five years earlier. Coaches must have spent five years at the school.
Graduation
183 graduates on May 30 at Abravanel Hall.
Co-Valedictorians: Parker Mildenhall and Maximilian Lamb. The class received scholarship offers totaling $14 million, boasted an overall GPA of 3.52, and had 48% graduate with honors; 44% were destined for out-of-state schools. The most popular individual college: University of Portland. Two graduates left the U.S., 16 went to the state of Washington and 13 to California. Alexis Martinez was accepted into the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. The Naval Academy accepted Dylan Cawdery and Isaac Losee. Rosie Neville and Amanda Khoury were accepted into the ACCESS Program for Women and Science at the University of Utah. The class performed 23,000 hours of community service.
Christ the King Award winners: Rosie Neville and Maximilian Lamb
Awards for Outstanding Dedication in Extracurricular activities: Cricket Oles and Alex Khan
Jeanette Sawaya Award for Outstanding Achievement in Arts, Academics and Athletics: Jessica Gaffney and Parker Mildenhall
Outstanding Scholar/Participant in Activities: Craig Domeier and Laura Lighty
Outstanding Scholar/Athlete: Max Lamb and Mikelle Mancini
Outstanding Female Athlete: Kiersten Berg
Outstanding Male Athlete: Oliver Diamond
Moran Award for Football: Blake Fery
Yerkovich Award for Boys Basketball: Zachary Myaer
Bulldog of the Year: Paul Villagrana
Demi Candelaria “Shining Star” Award: Mikelle Mancini (girls basketball), Danielle Gaztambide (girls soccer)
Demi Candelaria Scholarship: Danielle Gaztambide, soccer; Mary Neville, basketball
Champion of Youth Award: Tad and Mary Mancini
Salvador Valdez received a $5,000 scholarship from the Comcast Foundation’s Leaders & Achievers Scholarship Program. He was one of 31 Utah high school students honored. Receiving Presidential Service Awards were Sierra Allegra (gold) and Jonathan Nolan, Marissa Novak, Macy Ostrom and Nicholas Warner (all bronze).
Academic Awards – Music (Instrumental): Jakob Garcia and Daniel Sayre; Music (Vocal): Lagi Netzler and Mary Neville; Dance: Isabelle Ghabash and Julia Hicks; Drama: Cricket Oles and Emily Burchett; Drama (Technical Theatre): Kate Rockenbach and Lindsey Gilstrap. Debate: Craig Domeier and Michael Stebner. Engineering Club: Michael Robinson.
Bulldog Press: Cricket Oles and Rosie Neville; Literary Magazine: Samantha Highsmith and Lindsey Reemsnyder; Yearbook: Marissa Novak and Megan Trentman; Mock Trial: Emily Strand and Elisabeth Barrows; Junior Classical League: Matthew Hirning and Sydney Gee.
Student Council: Malori McGill and Alex Khan; National Honor Society: Craig Domeier and Eric Humphrey; Rotary Interact: Emily Strand and Lexy Wright; Environmental Club: Jennifer Gardner and Gordon Warlaumont; Cheerleading: Julia Hicks and Lexy Wright.
Alumni
Zack Lund, Class of 1998, finished fifth in the skeleton at the 2010 Vancouver Olympics. He was in eighth place going into his final run but clipped some seconds off his time and rose through the ranks behind Canadian gold medalist Jon Montgomery. The high finish was vindication for Lund, who was ejected from the 2006 Turin Games for a doping violation. Balding, Lund had used a hair-restoration substance that contained finasteride, a steroid-masking agent banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency.
Natalie Stone, Class of 2005, won the 103rd Utah State Women’s Amateur Golf Tournament at Thanksgiving Point. Her two-under-par 70 left her five strokes ahead of her nearest competitor; Mountain West Conference Scholar-Athlete awards went to track star Samantha Gaffney, Class of 2006, and baseball pitcher Joe Pond, Class of ’08; three All-America honors were earned by University of Oregon freshman runner Luke Puskedra, Class of 2008; Patrick Smyth, Class of 2005, finished fourth for Notre Dame in the 10,000-meter run at the NCAA Division 1 championship; Margaret Traub Aguirre, Class of 1984, was the communications director for International Medical Corps, which provided relief care in Haiti after a magnitude 7.0 earthquake killed 250,000 people. Before that, she was an Associated Press reporter; an Intermountain Catholic feature story focused on graduate Mikaele Sansone, a Catholic Relief Services worker in struggling countries such as Rwanda and Madagascar.
